extracellular matrix
Multicellular organisms are made up of specialized cells that are organized into tissues. Individual cells are in contact with and interact with other cells as well as with the extracellular matrix (ECM). The extracellular matrix influences a large number of cellular processes, including migration, wound healing, and differentiation. Although the extracellular matrix is primarily composed of water, proteins, and polysaccharides, each tissue has its own extracellular matrix with a unique composition and topology that is established through biochemical and biophysical interactions during tissue development.
These connections are established between different cellular components and the cellular environment and evolving proteins and are completely dynamic and interactive. (eg, epithelium, fibroblasts, adipocytes, endothelial cells). Indeed, the physical, topological, and biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix is not only tissue-specific, but apparently heterogeneous. Cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix is mediated by extracellular matrix receptors, such as integrins, discoidin II receptors, and syndecans.
This adhesion causes the connection of the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix and plays a role in cell migration through the extracellular matrix. Furthermore, the extracellular matrix is a highly dynamic structure that is constantly being remodeled, both enzymatically and non-enzymatically, and its molecular components are subject to many translational changes.
Due to its physical and biochemical properties, the extracellular matrix is responsible for the mechanical properties of any organ, such as compression and elasticity, and also protects extracellular homeostasis and water retention through regulatory actions. In addition, the extracellular matrix directs the normal function of the cell by its morphological organization. They do this by binding to growth factors (GFs) and interacting with cell surface receptors to induce signal transduction and regulate gene transcription.
The biochemical and industrial, protective and organizational properties of the extracellular matrix vary significantly from tissue to tissue (eg, lungs, skin, bones). Moreover, these properties are different in the same tissue (eg, renal cortex, renal medulla) as well as in different conditions, eg, the normal state of the tissue compared to pathological conditions (eg, cancer cells vs. normal cells).
For example, in tendons, the specific organization of fibrous proteins in the extracellular matrix makes this tissue highly resistant to tension, while in cartilage and bones, the composition of the extracellular matrix makes these tissues resistant to both tension and compression. . The extracellular matrix of bones is mineralized, but the mechanism of its mineralization is still not fully understood.
Other functions regulated by the extracellular matrix include filtration and blood coagulation. Glomerular filtration is performed by the basal layers of the endothelium and glomerular cells, a porous network of extracellular matrix components that blocks blood cells and plasma proteins but allows the penetration of low molecular weight molecules. Blood coagulation is a complex phenomenon that depends on the interaction of platelets with components of the extracellular matrix of blood.
The sequence of events leading to the cessation of bleeding includes vascular damage, exposure to the extracellular matrix, and platelet interaction with extracellular matrix components. Finally, the extracellular matrix binds to many growth factors and hormones and transmits numerous signals to cells that come into contact with injury. Cellular responses to these signals are directly regulated by cell-matrix interactions.
Another area in which the extracellular matrix plays an important role is the wound healing process and significant age-related differences in healing rates. Studies have shown that in the embryonic stage, the reaction to injury is completely different and opposite to the reaction observed in adults.
Energy flow in the extracellular matrix
According to Naranjo et al. (2009), electrobiology is the study of the electrical systems of living organisms. Tissues and organs produce electric and magnetic fields. These electric and magnetic fields have an important biological function, to the extent that every natural process in the body has a specific electromagnetic equivalent. This function is altered by pathological processes such as inflammation, degeneration, or the creation of new tissue within an organ.
The electromagnetic activity of an organ is not limited to the organ itself, but also affects the field of adjacent organs and communicates with neighboring and sometimes distant structures, just as the heart communicates by sending electromagnetic waves through the circulatory system throughout the body. does
We know that bioelectricity is actually an ionic phenomenon that is related to the polarity of the cell membrane. This phenomenon occurs in nerve transmission, muscle contraction and in every living cell of the body. These potentials can be easily measured by electrocardiogram, electromyogram or electroencephalogram. On the other hand, in addition to electrons, there are other currents that are much smaller than ions and are produced by electrons and protons. So there is a system of energy interactions that, along with chemicals, contribute to the body’s integrity.
The nuclear matrix, the cytoplasmic matrix and the extracellular matrix are connected to each other and create a network through which all the molecules in the body are connected. Energy pathways and information circuits are transmitted through the extracellular matrix, the composition and structure of which not only acts as a support element, but also creates precise mechanical, vibrational, energy, electronic, and chemical transmission circuits. These precise transmission circuits are the key that connect the organs to each other and ensure their proper functioning.
The extracellular matrix leads to energy translocation thanks to its hydrophilic character, which depends on the strong negative charges of its constituents. These currents provide the movement, contraction and rotation of the extracellular matrix and give it function and life. Changes in the electrical charges of the extracellular matrix greatly affect its function and change its hydrophilic properties, thereby altering the diffusion of substances and the transport of stimuli through it.
The emergence of diseases of any kind, viral, bacterial or fungal infections, tumors, etc. causes changes in the content of ions, water and pH of extracellular fluids, which affects cell membranes and their electrical properties. In inflammatory or cancerous tissue, this altered conductance and flow provides the opportunity to use this information to measure the skin’s surface for diagnostic purposes.
The extracellular matrix is a negative charge reservoir that can supply or absorb electrons when needed. The basic unit of extracellular matrix is called matrizoma, whose task is to maintain and regulate osmotic, ionic, electromagnetic, electronic and proton homeostasis locally and systemically.
The Living Matrix
“Living Matrix” is a term used by Dr. James Oshman, author of one of the few scientific books available on energy medicine. The living matrix includes connective tissue, cytoskeleton, nuclear matrix and water molecules. The living matrix is the sum of thousands of fiber paths of polymers, each surrounded by a layer of water. Its mechanism and function can be described as a continuous network of semiconductors that are structural biopolymers.
This network starts from the intranuclear level, passes through the intracellular level to reach the extracellular level. And it is mechanically, electromagnetically active and conductive. It is a very complex and very dynamic architecture that not only supports structure but also sends and receives information. As Pienta and Coffey report:
“Cells and intracellular elements are capable of dynamic vibration with complex harmonics whose frequency can be measured and quantitatively analyzed by Fourier analysis. Cellular events such as changes in shape, membrane ruffling, motility and transport The signal occurs within spatial and temporal harmonics.These spatial and temporal harmonics have potential regulatory significance and can be modulated by growth factors and carcinogenic processes The mechanism by which this vibrational information is transmitted throughout the cell is important.
Through these observations, we propose that vibrational information is transmitted through a tissue-binding matrix. This matrix acts as a coupled harmonic oscillator and as a transmission system, it causes the transfer of the signal from the cell environment to the nucleus and finally to the DNA. Vibrational interactions occur through a tissue matrix system. This matrix consists of nuclear matrix, cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix and is ready to transmit the biological fluctuations of the cell through the stretch matrix structure from the peripheral membrane to the DNA.
The tension matrix is a structural system consisting of discontinuous dense elements connected by continuous tension cables and dynamically interacting with each other. A stretch matrix system specifically allows for the transfer of information through the cell. This matrix allows the vibrational energy of mechanochemistry to be transmitted directly through harmonic wave motion.”
In 1998, Mae Wan Ho and David Knight found a common anatomical basis, which is described as: “A row of liquid crystalline chains of collagen covered in connective tissue by a layer of water. This layer of water supports the semiconductivity of protons and It functions as a coherent whole”.
Ordinary liquids do not have molecular order, but liquid crystals have directional order and unlike solid crystals, they are flexible, malleable and reactive. They also retain the piezoelectric properties of ordinary crystals.
Liquid crystals have the capacity to rapidly change their orientation or phase transition when exposed to electric and magnetic fields. This feature is widely used in screens. This is a very important point: liquid crystals also respond to temperature (semiconductors). Biological liquid crystals carry a static electric charge and are also affected by pH. All of the following are examples of biological liquid crystals in the human body:
• Proteins related to the cellular skeleton
• Muscle tissue
• Connective tissue (which is made up of 70% collagen)
• Nucleic acids such as DNA
The electrical properties of collagen depend on the water molecules attached to it. About 50 to 60 percent of intracellular water is bound to the filaments, tubules, and proteins that make up the cytoskeleton (this arrangement is also known as the microtrabecular network). This frid gives the cell solidity and supports the rapid conduction of positive charges. Collagen is a liquid crystal. This type of structure is located in many parts of the body and acts as a semiconductor.
While the nervous system responds to stimuli that must exceed a certain threshold, the living matrix may react to subthreshold signals in the form of severe responses. The response of the nervous system often results in reactions that are conscious, involving the sensory and motor cortex, while the living matrix operates unconsciously.
If the body has a system to respond to signals that are ignored by the nervous system, then it will understand the level of sensitivity involved in its intuition and will respond to the stimulus much faster due to the characteristics mentioned above. An analysis of the mechanical properties of collagen by researchers at MIT and the Max Planck Institute concluded that adding or removing even a small amount of water from collagen in tendons can generate powerful forces that are up to 300 times stronger than those generated by muscles.
Adding water causes some parts of the molecule to expand and other parts to shrink. But in general, the whole structure shrinks during water recycling.
Cytoskeleton is related to both intracellular and extracellular environment. Inside, the cytoskeleton is connected to the nucleoskeleton through the nuclear wall, which itself is connected to the DNA. Outside the cell, the cytoskeleton is connected to the extracellular matrix through protein molecules called integrins that penetrate the cell wall. The extracellular matrix consists of connective tissue, the main structure of which is collagen and other substances.
Because these connections exist within each cell and outside of the connective tissue matrix (which in turn connects to the skin), every cell in the body is connected to other cells through this network of living matrix. Connective tissue is the only tissue that is in contact with any other tissue in the body. Therefore, it establishes communication between other tissues of blood vessels, nerves, organs, glands, muscles, etc. This means that any skin contact through this living matrix is likely to be received and translated down to the DNA level of each cell.
As we have seen, one of the basic physical properties of the living matrix is that it is mainly composed of crystalline structures. which makes the living matrix have the general properties found in all kinds of crystals. This means that the matrix has the ability to store and transfer energy. and gives the Matrix memory and operational capabilities based on that memory. Another property is piezoelectric energy. This means that the matrix has the ability to generate its own electrical potential, absorb and transmit energy.
The results of this are surprising from a functional point of view in the body. Caching is another important feature of Matrix. The term was coined by Buckminster Fuller and is a combination of the words compression and integrity, and refers to a win-win condition created by opposing compression and tension forces and considered a means of maintaining structural integrity. When we examine the force of gravity and how to hold the body in general, we come to the conclusion that the whole body is an elastic structure. For example, the femoral head in the acetabulum is crane-like and therefore an elastic structure.
Another example of elastic structures is the cytoskeleton. Various rods and tubes that extend throughout the internal structure of the cell. These tubules are balanced by the extracellular fluid and maintain the flexibility of the cell membrane for movement and flow. Therefore, the entire matrix is elastic and thus maintains its structural integrity while allowing the entire body to move and be flexible.
An interesting part of the matrix piezoelectric potential is the frequency generation. This is very important, very low frequency range (ELFs) that have therapeutic effects on body tissues. Sisken and Walker found that 2 Hz frequency stimulates nerve regeneration, 7 Hz frequency helps bone growth, 10 Hz frequency helps ligaments heal, 20 and 72 Hz frequency helps reduce skin death, stimulate capillary formation and fibroblast growth.
Book title: Bioresonance the Truth
Author: loannis Anagnostopoulos
Translator: Dr. Mehtab Jahan Shahtalab
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